Country Guide for Lithuania

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Country Facts for Lithuania

Lithuania is a small yet vibrant country located in the Baltic region of Europe. It shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest. The country has a diverse cultural history and its official language is Lithuanian, the most unchanged living descendent of the language which evolved into other languages spoken by 46% of the world as their mother tongue. Minority languages such as Russian and Polish are also spoken, particularly in certain regions with larger ethnic communities.

  • Population and Demographics

    Population: Lithuania has a population of around 2.8 million people, with the majority living in the capital, Vilnius, and other major cities like Kaunas and Klaipėda. The population is predominantly Lithuanian, but there are also notable Russian, Polish, Belarusian, and, now, Ukrainian communities.

    Capital City: Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania, is a lively city known for its rich history, stunning Baroque architecture, and thriving expat community, offering a blend of modern amenities and a welcoming atmosphere.

    Geography

    Total Area: Lithuania covers a total area of approximately 40,575 square miles (65,300 square kilometers), offering a mix of picturesque landscapes, from dense forests and rolling hills to beautiful lakes and a scenic Baltic coastline. It is the largest of the Baltic States.

How to Get to Lithuania

Expats can reach Lithuania via its main international airports in Vilnius and Kaunas, which offers direct flights to many European cities. However, many expats find it easier with connecting flights via nearby major hubs, such as Latvia’s AirBaltic, Poland’s LOT, or Germany’s Lufthansa. Lithuania is also reachable by rail and bus services with neighboring countries, making overland travel an option. For those traveling by car, the country’s highways link seamlessly to major European road networks.

  • Lithuania’s Baltic Sea coastline that stretches for about 90 kilometers, featuring sandy beaches, dunes, and the UNESCO-listed Curonian Spit.

    Many travellers opt to sail to Lithuania via the country's primary seaport of Klaipėda, which offers ferry connections to several countries, including Germany, Sweden, and Denmark. Klaipėda is a key hub for both passenger and cargo ships, making it a convenient option for expats traveling by sea.

Financial Services in Lithuania

Lithuania’s financial services sector includes well-established banks such as SEB Bank, Swedbank, and Luminor, all offering a wide range of services to expats. The country is also known for its booming fintech industry, with companies like Revolut and Paysera providing innovative digital banking and payment solutions.

  • Opening a Bank Account

    Opening a bank account in Lithuania is generally straightforward for expats, with major banks offering services in English. You’ll typically need a valid passport or ID, proof of residency, and in some cases, a work contract or proof of income.

    Additionally, digital-first banks such as Revolut offer quick account setup through their apps, making for quick banking solutions.

    The Lithuanian Tax System

    Lithuania has a relatively straightforward tax system, with a flat personal income tax rate of 20% for most individuals, and a higher rate of 32% applied to income exceeding a certain threshold. Expats should also be aware of social security contributions, as well as a value-added tax (VAT) of 21% on goods and services.

    Tax residency is typically determined by the number of days spent in the country within a tax year or by having significant personal or economic ties to Lithuania.

Housing in Lithuania

With a range of options from modern apartments in city centers to more spacious homes in suburban areas, housing in Lithuania is generally affordable compared to many Western European countries. Expats can find rental listings through local agencies or online platforms, with Vilnius, Kaunas, and Klaipėda being popular cities for expat living. Rental contracts typically require a deposit and are usually signed for one year, though shorter-term options are also available.

  • Lithunia’s more affordable living costs and rich cultural tapestry mean great opportunities to find a comfortable and enriching place to call home, whether in a vibrant urban setting or a farmhouse.

    Researching Locations:

    When researching locations to live in Lithuania, you should consider factors such as proximity to work, local amenities, and lifestyle preferences. Vilnius offers a dynamic city life with a blend of history and modernity, while Kaunas provides a more relaxed atmosphere with growing cultural and business opportunities. For those seeking coastal living, Klaipėda offers a charming port city vibe with access to beautiful beaches. However, many expats may find that other Lithuanian towns and cities feel quite small by comparison.

    Online platforms, local forums, and expat groups can also be valuable resources for gathering insights on different neighborhoods and cities.options, from luxury apartments to more affordable housing.

Education in Lithuania

From free public schools offering cultural immersion and Lithuanian language acquisition to private and international schools with varied curricula and higher costs, Lithuania’s educational landscape caters to a wide range of needs, ensuring that expat families can find suitable, high-quality education whether they seek a local or international approach.

  • Understanding the Schooling System in Lithuania

    Public Schools: Public schools in Lithuania offer free education, with Lithuanian as the primary language of instruction, providing a high standard of learning that follows a national curriculum.

    Public schools provide a valuable opportunity for cultural immersion, helping expat children integrate into the Lithuanian community.

    International Schools: Lithuania has several international schools, particularly in Vilnius, such as Vilnius International School and the American International School of Vilnius, offering English-language programs for expat children.

    These schools offer international curricula, including the International Baccalaureate (IB), British, American, or other recognized educational programs - for a price. International schools in Vilnius typically range from €8,000 to €20,000 per year, dependent on school and age group.

Visas in Lithuania

Expats planning to live or work in Lithuania typically need a visa or residence permit, depending on their nationality and length of stay. EU/EEA citizens do not need a visa but must register for residency if staying longer than 90 days. Non-EU nationals usually require a national visa or temporary residence permit, which can be obtained for purposes like employment, studies, or family reunification. The application process is straightforward, and many expats work with immigration services to ensure all documents are properly submitted.

  • Visa Application Process

    The visa application process for Lithuania involves submitting the required documents, such as proof of employment or studies, to a Lithuanian embassy or migration office. Be sure to start your application well in advance of your intended travel date.

    Different Visa Types

    Lithuania offers several types of visas for expats, including the national (D) visa for long-term stays, which is often used for work, study, or family reunification.

    Additionally, there are temporary residence permits for those seeking to live in Lithuania for extended periods, with categories for employment, entrepreneurship, and highly skilled professionals.

    After five years, temporary residence holders can apply for permanent residency.

    Staying informed about regulatory updates and seeking professional help when necessary can further streamline the process.