Country Guide for Japan

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Country Facts for Japan

With its unique blend of rich traditions and modern innovation, Japan is located in East Asia and consists of four main islands: Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku. The capital, Tokyo, is one of the world’s largest cities. Japan is known for its culture, including tea ceremonies, sumo wrestling, and cherry blossom festivals. The country is also a leader in technology and has a rich history of art, architecture, and cuisine, especially sushi and ramen. While some people speak English, be prepared to learn some Japanese.

  • Population and Demographics

    Population: Japan has a population of around 125 million people, making it the 11th most populous country in the world. The majority of its residents live in urban areas, with Tokyo being the largest metropolitan area. Japan is also known for its aging population, with a high proportion of elderly citizens, which presents unique social and economic challenges. Despite a declining birthrate, Japan remains a densely populated country with a rich cultural heritage.

    Capital City: Tokyo is a vibrant metropolis known for its blend of cutting-edge technology, historic landmarks, and bustling neighborhoods, making it a dynamic hub of culture and commerce.

    Geography

    Total Area: Japan covers a total area of approximately 377,975 square kilometers (145,937 square miles), making it a relatively small but geographically diverse country comprised of four main islands and thousands of smaller ones.

How to Get to Japan

Air travel is the most common method for reaching this island country. Many international flights arrive at major airports like Narita (Tokyo), Haneda (Tokyo), and Kansai (Osaka), with direct flights available from North America, Europe, and Asia. Japan is well-connected by airlines like Japan Airlines (JAL) and All Nippon Airways (ANA). Visitors can also enter by ferry from neighboring countries like South Korea, making travel options varied and accessible.

  • Many travellers also choose maritime travel to Japan for those a slower, more scenic journey to the country. Several international ferries connect Japan with neighboring countries like South Korea, China, and Russia, offering routes to ports such as Fukuoka, Osaka, and Sakaiminato.

    Within Japan, ferries are commonly used to travel between the country’s many islands, providing a unique way to explore more remote areas that are not easily accessible by air or train.

Financial Services in Japan

Japan has a well-established financial services sector, with local and international banks providing a range of services for expats. Major banks like MUFG, Mizuho, and SMBC offer personal banking, loans, and investment options, though many services are in Japanese. International banks such as Citibank also operate in larger cities. Credit cards are widely accepted, but Japan remains a cash-centric society, so it’s essential to have access to ATMs.

  • Opening a Bank Account

    This typically requires a residence card, personal seal (hanko), and proof of address. Major banks like Mitsubishi UFJ, SMBC, and Japan Post Bank offer services for foreigners, but English support can vary. It’s advisable to choose a bank with multilingual assistance to make the process smoother.

    Understanding the Japanese Tax System

    Japan has a comprehensive tax which includes both national and local taxes, such as income, resident, and consumption taxes. Expats' residency status affects tax obligations and the types of income that need to be reported.

Housing in Japan

Housing in Japan varies from modern apartments in urban areas to traditional houses in quieter neighborhoods. In cities like Tokyo and Osaka, space can be limited, with smaller apartments being common. Many expats opt for furnished apartments or serviced housing, which often cater to foreign residents. Rent is typically paid monthly, and it’s common to pay key money, deposits, and agency fees upfront. Proximity to public transportation is highly valued.

  • Living costs for expats in Japan can vary widely depending on the city, with Tokyo and Osaka being more expensive due to higher housing and dining costs, while smaller cities and rural areas offer a more affordable lifestyle.

    Researching Locations:

    Expats researching the real estate market in Japan should consider factors like proximity to international schools, availability of English-speaking services, cost of living, and the overall lifestyle and community vibe of each neighborhood.

Education in Japan

Education in Japan is highly regarded, with a strong emphasis on discipline, respect, and academic excellence. The system consists of six years of elementary school, three years of junior high, and three years of high school, followed by optional university education. Public schools are generally taught in Japanese, but there are numerous international schools in major cities offering curricula in English or other languages, catering to expat families.

  • Understanding the Schooling System in Japan

    Public Schools: Public schools in Japan provide a high-quality education, but classes are taught entirely in Japanese, making it challenging for non-Japanese-speaking expat children. Families planning to stay long-term may find them beneficial, but additional language support is often needed for smoother integration.

    International Schools: International schools in Japan offer curricula in English and other languages, making them ideal for expat families seeking a familiar educational environment. They provide diverse programs and support for various nationalities, but tuition can be high, and spaces are limited, so early planning is recommended.

Visas in Japan

Japan offers several visa options for expats, including work, student, and dependent visas. Most expats enter on a work visa, sponsored by their employer, with categories such as Engineer, Specialist in Humanities, or Instructor. Tourist visas are available for short stays, but don't permit work. Applying for the correct visa before arrival is crucial, as switching visa types within Japan can be complicated. Renewal is typically required every 1-3 years.

  • Visa Application Process

    The visa application process for expats in Japan typically involves obtaining a Certificate of Eligibility (COE) through a sponsoring employer, school, or family member. Applicants submit this with their visa application to a Japanese embassy or consulate. Additional documents and processing times may vary.

    Different Types of Visas in Japan

    Japan offers various visas, including work visas (sponsored by employers), student visas (through schools), and dependent visas (for family members). Each type has specific requirements, including a Certificate of Eligibility and proof of support.